Your Complete API Design Roadmap: Beginner to Pro

Learn to build secure, scalable, and well-structured APIs that power modern web and mobile applications.

Basic overview

What is API Design?

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Why Learn API Design?

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Estimated time commitment for the roadmap.

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Phases of the API Design Roadmap

Phase 1: Introduction to API Design

What is an API?

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Types of APIs: REST, GraphQL, SOAP, gRPC

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Importance of good API Design

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Understanding HTTP and its role in APIs

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Phase 2: IRESTful API Fundamentals

HTTP Methods: GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, PATCH

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URI Design Best Practices

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Resource vs Endpoint

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Status Codes and Their Meaning (2xx, 4xx, 5xx)

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Idempotency and Safety

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Phase 3: API Request and Response Structure

Query Parameters vs Path Parameters

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Headers, Body, and Content-Type

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JSON vs XML (Why JSON is preferred)

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Pagination, Filtering, and Sorting

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Phase 4: Authentication & Authorization

API Keys

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Basic Auth

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OAuth 2.0

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JWT (JSON Web Tokens)

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Role-based access control (RBAC)

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Phase 5: Versioning Strategies

URI Versioning (v1, v2)

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Header-Based Versioning

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Media Type Versioning

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When and Why to Version

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Phase 6: API Documentation & Testing

Swagger/OpenAPI Specification

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Postman for API Testing

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API Blueprint / RAML

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Creating Mock Servers

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Writing Developer-Friendly API Docs

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Phase 7: Error Handling & Response Codes

Standardizing Error Responses

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Common HTTP Status Codes

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Error vs Exception

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Custom Error Structures

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Phase 8: Security in API Design

HTTPS Everywhere

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Input Validation and Rate Limiting

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Preventing SQL Injection / XSS

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CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing)

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API Gateway and Throttling

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Phase 9: Designing for Performance & Scalability

Caching with Headers and Reverse Proxies

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API Rate Limiting and Quotas

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Asynchronous APIs

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Batch Endpoints

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Monitoring and Logging

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Phase 10: GraphQL Basics (Optional)

What is GraphQL?

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GraphQL vs REST

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Schema, Query, Mutation

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Designing a GraphQL API

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Tools: Apollo Server/Client

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Phase 11: Real-World API Design Patterns

HATEOAS

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API Gateway Pattern

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Backend for Frontend (BFF)

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Open API Design First vs Code First Approach

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Phase 12: Tools & Resources

Tools: Postman, Swagger UI, Insomnia, Hoppscotch

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Books: "Designing Web APIs", "RESTful Web APIs"

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Practice: Building APIs with Express.js / Flask / FastAPI

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Learn from: Stripe API, GitHub API, Twilio API

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